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Case File 203 Formation Evaluation  

Crosswell Stratigraphic Interpretation

Situation
Different production rates were seen in offset wells. The objective was to use crosswell seismic to discern stratigraphic variations that could account for variations in production.

Solution
Crosswell seismic is a new borehole seismic imaging technology that provides high-resolution information about underground oil and gas reservoirs. Applications of this technique range from detailed reservoir characterization to reservoir monitoring aimed at improving recovery and economic performance, especially in mature producing reservoirs.

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Crosswell surveys were conducted to acquire high-resolution seismic data (200 to 2000 Hz) between four well pairs. Survey data were acquired in each well, stopping just above the top of the reservoir due to completion restrictions preventing acquisition across the producing intervals. Crosswell tomography and reflection images were then used as structural imaging tools to aid stratigraphic interpretation with a vertical resolution of approximately 5 feet. The crosswell image extends well below the base of the survey and reflection images highlight thin reservoir zones.

The crosswell image identifies shingled layers pinching out between wells. This explains the different production rates seen in offset wells — the reservoir layers exhibit pressure isolation as they are not connected between wells. Small carbonate mounds are also identified as targets for future horizontal drilling. Faults with sub-seismic displacements (throws of 5 to 10-foot magnitude) are evident. These may also affect hydrocarbon production from the thin reservoir layers.

Crosswell Seismic Services are offered under a joint agreement by TomoSeis and Baker Atlas.

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