Application of Electrical Submersible Pumping Systems in High Temperature Geothermal Environments
Abstract
The need for artificial lift to improve the economics of geothermal fluids production for power generation and direct use applications has been recognized for many years. Electrical submersible pumping (ESP) systems have been used successfully in geothermal and other high temperature applications and show significant promise for future applications. This paper briefly describes the ESP system, its use in geothermal wells and the development of ESPs for applications in excess of 220°C. In addition, the paper explores future pumping requirements for new geothermal applications such as Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) and outlines recent and future ESP advances for effective operation in increasing well depths, temperatures, and flow rates.
Introduction
Geothermal resource development is gaining attention due to mounting concerns about hydrocarbon long-term supply, price volatility and carbon emissions. Geothermal production expansion from hydrothermal reservoirs, along with the evolution of EGS, has the potential to significantly impact power generation capabilities from geothermal resources.
Technology requirements to effectively produce geothermal energy are multi-faceted and require ongoing development and improvement to facilitate rapid growth of geothermal energy. A key need for many geothermal projects is pumping systems capable of delivering the sustained high volumes of geothermal fluids necessary for efficient thermal recovery and electric power generation. Line shaft turbines and ESP systems are used to pump geothermal fluids and remain the most practical solutions. However, ESP operational advantages vs. line shaft turbines include deeper setting depths and higher HP delivery, therefore, ESPs will likely be the pump system of choice for many applications. Development of ESP systems for high temperature applications is accelerating and this paper provides an overview of ESPs and the development status of reliable systems for deployment at extreme temperatures.
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